Immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 induced by canarypox expressing HIV-1MN gp120, HIV-1SF2 recombinant gp120, or both vaccines in seronegative adults. NIAID AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Group.

Publication Type
Journal Article
Year of Publication
1998
Authors
Clements-Mann, M L; Weinhold, K; Matthews, T J; Graham, B S; Gorse, G J; Keefer, M C; McElrath, M J; Hsieh, R H; Mestecky, J; Zolla-Pazner, S; Mascola, J; Schwartz, D; Siliciano, R; Corey, L; Wright, P F; Belshe, R; Dolin, R; Jackson, S; Xu, S; Fast, P; Walker, M C; Stablein, D; Excler, J L; Tartaglia, J; Paoletti, E
Secondary
J Infect Dis
Volume
177
Pagination
1230-46
Date Published
1998 May
Keywords
Adult; AIDS Vaccines; Antibody Formation; Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; HIV Antibodies; HIV Envelope Protein gp120; HIV-1; Humans; Immunization Schedule; Immunization, Secondary; Lymphocyte Activation; lymphocytes; Neutralization Tests; Rabies virus; Time Factors; Vaccines, Synthetic; Viral Vaccines
Abstract

A safety and immunogenicity trial was conducted in vaccinia-immune and vaccinia-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected adults who were randomized to receive 10(6) or 10(7) TCID50 of canarypox (ALVAC) vector expressing HIV-1MN gp160 or 10(5.5) TCID50 of ALVAC-rabies virus glycoprotein control at 0 and 1 or 2 months and ALVAC-gp160 or 50 microg of HIV-1SF2 recombinant (r) gp120 in microfluidized emulsion at 9 and 12 months; others received rgp120 at 0, 1, 6, and 12 months. All vaccines were well-tolerated. Neither vaccinia-immune status before vaccination nor ALVAC dose affected HIV immune responses. HIV-1MN and HIV-1SF2 neutralizing antibodies were detected more often (100%) in ALVAC-gp160/rgp120 recipients than in recipients of ALVAC-gp160 (<65%) or rgp120 (89%) alone. ALVAC-gp160/rgp120 also elicited more frequent HIV V3-specific and fusion-inhibition antibodies, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, lymphoproliferation, and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell activity than did either vaccine alone. Trials with ALVAC expressing additional HIV components and rgp120 are underway.