Safety and Immunogenicity of an Andes Virus DNA Vaccine by Needle-Free Injection: a Randomized, Controlled Phase 1 Study.
06/2023
Journal Article
Authors:
Paulsen, G.C.;
Frenck, R.;
Tomashek, K.M.;
Alarcon, R.M.;
Hensel, E.;
Lowe, A.;
Brocato, R.L.;
Kwilas, S.A.;
Josleyn, M.D.;
Hooper, J.W.
Secondary:
J Infect Dis
Volume:
229
Pagination:
30-38
Issue:
1
Journal:
J Infect Dis
PMID:
37380156
URL:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37380156
Keywords:
Adult
Humans
*Orthohantavirus
*Vaccines, DNA/adverse effects
Antibodies, Neutralizing
*Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
DNA
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Double-Blind Method
Antibodies, Viral
Andes
DNA vaccine
hantavirus
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
needle-free injection
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Andes virus (ANDV), a rodent-borne hantavirus, causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The safety and immunogenicity of a novel ANDV DNA vaccine was evaluated. METHODS: Phase 1, double-blind, dose-escalation trial randomly assigned 48 healthy adults to placebo or ANDV DNA vaccine delivered via needle-free jet injection. Cohorts 1 and 2 received 2 mg of DNA or placebo in a 3-dose (days 1, 29, 169) or 4-dose (days 1, 29, 57, 169) schedule, respectively. Cohorts 3 and 4 received 4 mg of DNA or placebo in the 3-dose and 4-dose schedule, respectively. Subjects were monitored for safety and neutralizing antibodies by pseudovirion neutralization assay (PsVNA50) and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50). RESULTS: While 98% and 65% of subjects had at least 1 local or systemic solicited adverse event (AE), respectively, most AEs were mild or moderate; no related serious AEs were detected. Cohorts 2, 3, and 4 had higher seroconversion rates than cohort 1 and seropositivity of at least 80% by day 197, sustained through day 337. PsVNA50 geometric mean titers were highest for cohort 4 on and after day 197. CONCLUSIONS: This first-in-human candidate HPS vaccine trial demonstrated that an ANDV DNA vaccine was safe and induced a robust, durable immune response. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT03682107.
