Characteristics of motor dysfunction in longstanding HIV.
2020 Sep 12
Journal Article
Authors:
Robinson-Papp, J.;
Gensler, G.;
Navis, A.;
Sherman, S.;
Ellis, R.J.;
Gelman, B.B.;
Kolson, D.L.;
Letendre, S.L.;
Singer, E.J.;
Valdes-Sueiras, M.;
Morgello, S.
Secondary:
Clin Infect Dis
Volume:
71
Pagination:
1532-1538
Issue:
6
PMID:
31587032
URL:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31587032/
Keywords:
HIV; cerebrovascular disease; motor dysfunction; neurocognitive disorders
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction in HIV has decreased, but milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist along with motor dysfunction. The HIV Motor Scale (HMS) is a validated tool which captures motor abnormalities on routine neurologic examination, and which is associated with cognitive impairment in HIV. In this study, we applied a modified HMS (MHMS) to a nationwide cohort of people with longstanding HIV to characterize and understand the factors contributing to motor dysfunction.METHODS: The National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium (NNTC) is a nationwide longitudinal cohort study. Participants undergo regular assessments including neurological examination, neuropsychological testing and immunovirologic data collection. Data from examinations were used to calculate the MHMS score which was then correlated with history of AIDS-related CNS disorders (ARCD; e.g. prior CNS opportunistic infection), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).RESULTS: Sixty-nine percent of participants showed an abnormality on the MHMS, with 27% classified as severe. Results did not vary based on demographic or immunologic variables. The most common abnormalities seen were gait (54%) followed by coordination (39%) and strength (25%), and these commonly co-occurred. CVD (p=0.02), history of ARCD (p=0.001), and HAND (p=0.001) were all associated with higher (i.e. worse) HMS in univariate analyses; CVD and ARCD persisted in multivariate analyses. CVD was also marginally associated with symptomatic HAND.CONCLUSIONS: Complex motor dysfunction remains common in HIV and is associated with CVD, ARCD and to a lesser extent HAND. Future studies are needed to understand the longitudinal trajectory of HIV-associated motor dysfunction, its neural substrates and impact on quality of life.
