The Relationship of Dietary Carotenoid and Vitamin A, E, and C Intake with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Case-Control Study: AREDS Report No. 22
09/2008
Journal Article
Authors:
Group, A.R.Eye Diseas;
SanGiovanni, J.P.;
Chew, E.;
Clemons, T.;
III, F.L.Ferris;
Gensler, G.;
Lindblad, A.S.;
Milton, R.;
Seddon, J.M.;
Sperduto, R.
Secondary:
Arch Ophthalmol
Volume:
125
Pagination:
1225-1232
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17846363
Keywords:
Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Choroidal neovascularization; Diet; Eating; Energy Intake; Female; Food Habits; Lutein; Macular Degeneration; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Regression Analysis; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Xanthophylls; zeaxanthin
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship of dietary carotenoids, vitamin A, alpha-tocopherol, and vitamin C with prevalent age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). METHODS: Demographic, lifestyle, and medical characteristics were ascertained on 4519 AREDS participants aged 60 to 80 years at enrollment. Stereoscopic color fundus photographs were used to categorize participants into 4 AMD severity groups and a control group (participants with < 15 small drusen). Nutrient intake was estimated from a self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at enrollment. Intake values were energy adjusted and classified by quintiles. The relationship between diet and AMD status was assessed using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Dietary lutein/zeaxanthin intake was inversely associated with neovascular AMD (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.93), geographic atrophy (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86), and large or extensive intermediate drusen (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56-0.96), comparing the highest vs lowest quintiles of intake, after adjustment for total energy intake and nonnutrient-based covariates. Other nutrients were not independently related to AMD. CONCLUSION: Higher dietary intake of lutein/zeaxanthin was independently associated with decreased likelihood of having neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy, and large or extensive intermediate drusen.
